Periodontal disease, also known as bone loss, is bacterial infection. It is caused mainly by plaque, the sticky white film that is constantly forming on your teeth. The bacteria in the plaque cause the gums to become infected, resulting in gingivitis, or gum disease. If this condition goes untreated, the infection in the gums can spread to the surrounding bone.
Although plaque is the main cause, there are other factors that can play a significant role in periodontal disease. Some of those factors are smoking and tobacco use, genetics, systemic diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular disease, stress, pregnancy and menopause, and obesity and poor nutrition.
It is common knowledge that smoking is the cause of many health conditions such as cancer, lung and heart disease. However, what you may not know is that tobacco use has been linked also to periodontal disease as one of the major contributing factors to development and progression of the disease. In addition, studies have shown that smoking after periodontal therapy can slow down the healing process and hinder the results.
Research shows that up to 30% of the population has a genetic predisposition that makes them more susceptible to gum disease. Fortunately, there have been genetic tests developed that can identify these patients before they even show signs of the disease. This, along with regular dental cleanings and exams, will help ensure that your oral health is maintained over a lifetime.
It has long been suspected by dentists and dental professionals that inflammation in the mouth can play havoc elsewhere in the body. This has been confirmed by many studies showing a link between periodontal disease and systemic diseases like diabetes, cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer’s, all of which are chronic inflammatory diseases. It is important to recognize this, and seek a periodontal exam if you have been diagnosed with any of these.
Stress can also be a contributing factor to periodontal disease. It has been shown that stress makes it more difficult for your body to fight off infection.
Stress can also be a contributing factor to periodontal disease. It has been shown that stress makes it more difficult for your body to fight off infection. Also, when you are stressed, it is common to clench or grind your teeth. This puts excess forces on the supporting tissues of the teeth and can speed up the rate at which they deteriorate.
A woman’s health needs are unique. At particular times, such as pregnancy or menopause, hormonal changes can affect many areas of the body including the gums. They can become sensitive, swollen and erythemic, or red. Studies have also shown that pregnant women with gum disease are more likely to deliver pre-mature or low birth weight babies. If you feel like you are experiencing “pregnancy gingivitis,” it may be helpful to have more frequent dental cleanings during this time.
As you may already know, a diet low in essential nutrients can compromise the body’s immune system and make it harder for the body to fight off infection. Periodontal disease is a serious infection and poor nutrition can worsen the condition of your gums.